A safe home isn’t the same as a secure one, and that gap explains why your puppy might still seem anxious despite having everything they need. Drawing on attachment research, here’s why confidence comes from the cycle of explore, check in, regulate, and explore again. You’ll get a reframe of socialization around choice and consent rather than sheer exposure, plus concrete ways to build predictability, responsiveness, and autonomy . These are the real ingredients of a secure, confident puppy.
